{"id":3995,"date":"2025-10-10T16:51:03","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:51:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3995"},"modified":"2025-10-10T16:51:03","modified_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:51:03","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-olive-oil-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-olive-oil-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry-2","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec trong d\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n
Sau khi m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng vi s\u00f3ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00f2 graphite c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf 283,3 nm. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/div>\n
\n

2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/h2>\n

2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGraphite l\u00f2 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed quang ph\u1ed5<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e8n cathode r\u1ed7ng ch\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nKh\u00ed Argon<\/td>\n1 xi lanh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a vi s\u00f3ng<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng b\u1ea1ch kim v\u00e0 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i; \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t: \u00b1 0,1 \u2103<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nT\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nC\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau tinh khi\u1ebft<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Flask<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 100 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u1ed1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 10 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

2.2.1 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00f4<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nDiammonium Hydrogen Phosphate<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nAxit clorhydric<\/td>\nThu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (GR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\naxit nitric<\/td>\nL\u1edbp MOS<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nPalladium Nitrate<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n(1 99) Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric<\/td>\n\u0110o 10 ml axit nitric, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00eam v\u00e0o 990 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n(5 95) Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric<\/td>\n\u0110o 5 ml axit nitric, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00eam v\u00e0o 95 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nDiammonium Hydrogen Phosphate – Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Palladium Nitrate<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,02 g palladium nitrate, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (19) dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric. Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam 2 g diammonium hydro phosphate, v\u00e0 sau khi h\u00f2a tan, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (5 95). Tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

2.3.1 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nKh\u00f4ng.<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng GBW 08619<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n ch\u00ec<\/td>\nN\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9: 1000 \u03bcg \/ ml<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

3.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n

3.1.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n
Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,2 g m\u1eabu r\u1eafn (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 0,001 g) v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng, th\u00eam 5 ml axit nitric v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1eabu theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng. Sau khi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, l\u1ea5y b\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ra v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i axit tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng \u1edf 140 \u2103 ~ 160 \u2103 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1 mL. Sau khi b\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, chuy\u1ec3n dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 25 mL v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i ion. R\u1eeda b\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a 2 ~ 3 l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eeda v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng<\/strong><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
B\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u2103)<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef (ph\u00fat)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n140<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\n160<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n180<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3.1.2 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec<\/p>\n
    <\/div>\n

    Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL): \u0110\u00f3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,1 mL dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1000 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi (1 99) dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n
    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec<\/p>\n
    <\/div>\n

    Pipet ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3 v\u00e0 0,4 mL dung d\u1ecbch trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10 mL ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi (1 99) dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,0, 10,0, 20,0, 30,0 v\u00e0 40,0 ng \/ mL.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    3.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n

    1) \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n
    \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o cho m\u00e1y quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00f2 Graphite<\/strong><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\nCh\u1ee7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    B\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (nm)<\/td>\n283.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng quang ph\u1ed5 (nm)<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (mA)<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda n\u1ec1n<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e8n Deuterium<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m l\u00f2 Graphite<\/strong><\/div>\n
    <\/div>\n
    \n
    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    B\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\nTh\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<\/th>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u2103)<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m (s)<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef (s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    1<\/td>\nS\u1ea5y kh\u00f4<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2<\/td>\nAshing<\/td>\n650<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    3<\/td>\nNguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a<\/td>\n1900<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    4<\/td>\nD\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p<\/td>\n2000<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    2) Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/h4>\n
    Ti\u00eam 10 \u03bcL c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec v\u00e0 5 \u03bcL c\u1ee7a diammonium hydro phosphate – dung d\u1ecbch palladium nitrate v\u00e0o l\u00f2 graphite \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a, \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. V\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 abscissa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9. Nh\u1eadp tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1. Method Overview After the sample is digested by microwave, it is injected into the graphite furnace of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. After electrothermal atomization, it absorbs the resonance line at 283.3 nm. Within a certain concentration range, the absorbance is proportional to the lead content. Quantitative determination is performed by comparison with a standard […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-food-and-drugs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3995","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3995"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3995\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3995"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3995"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3995"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}