{"id":3916,"date":"2025-09-09T11:19:48","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T03:19:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3916"},"modified":"2025-09-09T11:19:48","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T03:19:48","slug":"determination-of-copper-in-nylon-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/determination-of-copper-in-nylon-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng trong nylon (quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n
Sau khi m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 324,8 nm. Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/div>\n
\n

2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/h2>\n

2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nM\u00e1y quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e8n cathode \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ed7ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nM\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u00c1p su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c: 0,3 MPa<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nKh\u00ed Acetylene<\/td>\n1 xi lanh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nC\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nQuartz Crucibles<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 100 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nM\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\nC\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t: 2000 W<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nL\u00f2 Muffle<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c: 1000 \u2103<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nT\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\nPh\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng ~ 300 \u2103<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nMicropipette<\/td>\n1 m\u1ed7i<\/td>\nPh\u1ea1m vi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 100 \u03bcL ~ 1000 \u03bcL; 1000 \u03bcL \u0111\u1ebfn 5000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nL\u1ecd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 100 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\n\u1ed1ng \u0111o m\u00e0u<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 25 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

2.2.1 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00f4<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nAxit l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh<\/td>\nThu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (GR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\naxit nitric<\/td>\nL\u1edbp MOS<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric (1 9)<\/td>\n\u0110o 10 ml axit nitric, th\u00eam v\u00e0o 90 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

2.3.1 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nKh\u00f4ng.<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 GBW08615<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\nN\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9: 1000 \u03bcg \/ ml<\/td>\nVi\u1ec7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n

3.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n

3.1.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu
    Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1,0 g m\u1eabu r\u1eafn (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 0,0001 g) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ea3o th\u1ea1ch anh, th\u00eam 1 mL axit l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 cacbon h\u00f3a cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. Chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed3i v\u00e0o l\u00f2 muffle v\u00e0 tro \u1edf 550 \u2103 trong 3-4 gi\u1edd. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ra c\u00e1i \u0111\u0129a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 tro kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1ecdt axit nitric, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea3o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf 150 \u2103, v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4. Sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00f2 muffle \u1edf 550 \u2103 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tro trong 1-2 gi\u1edd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tro ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ch\u1ea3o, th\u00eam 5 ml dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (19), \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u1edf 150 \u2103 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan m\u1eabu. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t dung d\u1ecbch, chuy\u1ec3n n\u00f3 v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng \u0111o m\u00e0u 25 mL v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu
    B\u01a1m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 5 mL dung d\u1ecbch m\u1eabu ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng \u0111o m\u00e0u 25 mL, th\u00eam 0,25 mL axit nitric, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i ion v\u00e0 l\u1eafc t\u1ed1t. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi - ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb khi kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam m\u1eabu, lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    3.1.2 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h4>\n
    Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Series:
    Pipet 0 \u03bcL, 25 \u03bcL, 50 \u03bcL, 100 \u03bcL v\u00e0 150 \u03bcL dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed3ng (1000 \u03bcg \/ mL) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL. Th\u00eam 1 ml axit nitric, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc deionized, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0: 0 \u03bcg \/ mL, 0,25 \u03bcg \/ mL, 0,50 \u03bcg \/ mL, 1,00 \u03bcg \/ mL v\u00e0 1,50 \u03bcg \/ mL.<\/div>\n

    3.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra
      \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o cho ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u1eeda<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n


      <\/p>\n

      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1<\/th>\nTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      B\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng<\/td>\n324,7 nm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng quang ph\u1ed5<\/td>\n0,4 nm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/td>\n3,0 mA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ed1t<\/td>\n3 mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n1600 ml \/ ph\u00fat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00c1p su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/td>\n0,22 MPa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n


      <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu
        Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o m\u00e1y phun ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. V\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 abscissa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n


        <\/p>\n

        Trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ph\u00f3ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        1. Method Overview After the sample is digested and treated, it is atomized by flame, and the absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 324.8 nm. Within a certain concentration range, the absorbance value of copper is proportional to its content, and quantification is performed by comparison with the standard series. 2. Instruments and Reagents […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-petrochemical-and-chemical","category-applications"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3916","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3916"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3916\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3916"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}