{"id":3905,"date":"2025-09-04T11:10:27","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T03:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3905"},"modified":"2025-09-04T11:10:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T03:10:27","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-food-additive-sodium-pyrophosphate-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-food-additive-sodium-pyrophosphate-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec trong ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m Natri Pyrophosphate (Ph\u1ed5 \u0111o h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u1eeda)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n
Sau khi m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, c\u00e1c ion ch\u00ec t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi natri diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n pH nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch ra v\u1edbi 4-methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK), sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 283,3 nm. Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/div>\n
\n

2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/h2>\n

2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nM\u00e1y quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e8n cathode r\u1ed7ng ch\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nM\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u00c1p su\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c: 0,3 MPa<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nKh\u00ed Acetylene<\/td>\n1 xi lanh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nC\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nC\u1ed1c<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 150 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nT\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\nPh\u1ea1m vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng ~ 300 \u2103<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nPh\u00f2ng t\u00e1ch<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 250 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nMicropipette<\/td>\n1 m\u1ed7i<\/td>\nPh\u1ea1m vi: 100 \u03bcL ~ 1000 \u03bcL, 1000 \u03bcL ~ 5000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u1ed1ng \u0111o m\u00e0u<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\nKh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 10 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

2.2.1 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00f4<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\n4-Methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK)<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nN\u01b0\u1edbc amoniac<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\namoni sulfate<\/td>\nThu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (GR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\namoni citrat<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nNatri Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC)<\/td>\nThu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (GR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nBromothymol Xanh<\/td>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\naxit nitric<\/td>\nL\u1edbp MOS<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u01b0\u1edbc amoniac (1 1)<\/td>\n\u0110o 50 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc amoniac, th\u00eam v\u00e0o 50 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p amoni sulfate (300 g \/ L)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 30 g amoni sulfat, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p amoni citrat (250 g \/ L)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 25 g amoni citrate, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Natri Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) (50 g \/ L)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 5 g natri diethyldithiocarbamate, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 m\u00e0u xanh Bromothymol (1 g \/ L)<\/td>\nTr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,1 g bromothymol xanh, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric (5 95)<\/td>\n\u0110o 50 ml axit nitric, th\u00eam v\u00e0o 950 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n

2.3.1 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nKh\u00f4ng.<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGSB G 62071-90<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec<\/td>\nN\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9: 1000 \u03bcg \/ ml<\/td>\nVi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u S\u1eaft v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m tra V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u S\u1eaft v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p Qu\u1ed1c gia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n
H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0W<\/span>\u00a0Ch\u00ec (Pb), theo \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mg\/kg, t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n
\u1ede \u0111\u00e2u:<\/div>\n
    \n
  • M1<\/span>= Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: miligram (mg);<\/li>\n
  • M0<\/span>\u00a0= Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: miligram (mg);<\/li>\n
  • m<\/span>\u00a0Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: gram (g).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Trung b\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh song song \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh song song kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1 mg\/kg.<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    1. Method Overview After the sample is treated, lead ions form a complex with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) under a certain pH condition. The complex is extracted and separated with 4-methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK), then introduced into an atomic absorption spectrometer. After flame atomization, the absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 283.3 nm. Within a certain concentration […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-food-and-drugs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3905"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3905\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3905"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}