{"id":3899,"date":"2025-09-04T10:56:14","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:56:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3899"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:56:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:56:14","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-olive-oil-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-olive-oil-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec trong d\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Sau khi m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng vi s\u00f3ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00f2 graphite c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t, m\u1eabu h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf 283,3 nm. Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\n<th>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Graphite l\u00f2 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed quang ph\u1ed5<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00e8n cathode r\u1ed7ng ch\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00ed Argon<\/td>\n<td>1 xi lanh<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean<\/th>\n<th>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\n<th>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a vi s\u00f3ng<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u1ea1ch kim v\u00e0 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i; \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t: \u00b1 0,1 \u2103<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau tinh khi\u1ebft<\/td>\n<td>1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Flask<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 100 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>\u1ed1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 10 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.1 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00f4<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean<\/th>\n<th>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Axit clorhydric<\/td>\n<td>Thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o (GR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>axit nitric<\/td>\n<td>L\u1edbp MOS<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Palladium Nitrate<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric (1 99)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110o 10 ml axit nitric, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00eam v\u00e0o 990 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p axit nitric (5 95)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110o 5 ml axit nitric, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb th\u00eam v\u00e0o 95 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate-Palladium Nitrate<\/td>\n<td>Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,02 g palladium nitrate, h\u00f2a tan n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (19), sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam 2 g amoni dihydrogen phosphate. Sau khi h\u00f2a tan, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 100 ml v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (5 95) v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3.1 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\n<th>Kh\u00f4ng.<\/th>\n<th>T\u00ean<\/th>\n<th>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed3ng GBW 08619<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n d\u1eabn<\/td>\n<td>N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9: 1000 \u03bcg \/ ml<\/td>\n<td>Vi\u1ec7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c gia, Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,2 g m\u1eabu r\u1eafn (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 0,001 g) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng, th\u00eam 5 ml axit nitric v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1eabu theo quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng. Sau khi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, l\u1ea5y t\u00e0u ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ra v\u00e0 bay h\u01a1i axit tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng \u1edf 140 \u2103 ~ 160 \u2103 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 1 mL. Sau khi t\u00e0u ti\u00eau h\u00f3a l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, chuy\u1ec3n dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 25 mL v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc deionized. R\u1eeda b\u00ecnh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc trong 2 ~ 3 l\u1ea7n, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eeda v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau; \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng th\u1eed ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m l\u00f2 vi s\u00f3ng<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>B\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\n<th>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \/ \u2103<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef \/ ph\u00fat<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>100<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>140<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>160<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>180<\/td>\n<td>30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.2 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h4>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb dung d\u1ecbch trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL), pipet ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,1 mL dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1000 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (1 99) v\u00e0 l\u1eafc t\u1ed1t.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec: Chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c pipet 0,0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3 v\u00e0 0,4 mL dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 10 mL ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u1edbi (1 99) dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,0, 10,0, 20,0, 30,0 v\u00e0 40,0 ng \/ mL.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tham chi\u1ebfu cho quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00f2 graphite:  Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1  Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (Ch\u00ec) | | &#8212;  | &#8212;  | | B\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (nm) | 283.3 | | B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng quang ph\u1ed5 (nm) | 0.4 | | \u0110\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (mA) | 2 | | Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda n\u1ec1n | \u0110\u00e8n Deuterium |<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m l\u00f2 Graphite<\/strong><\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>B\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c<\/th>\n<th>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u2103)<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1eddi gian s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m (s)<\/th>\n<th>Th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eef (s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>S\u1ea5y kh\u00f4<\/td>\n<td>120<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Ashing<\/td>\n<td>650<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a<\/td>\n<td>1900<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p<\/td>\n<td>2000<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\" start=\"2\">\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu Trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ti\u00eam 10 \u03bcL dung d\u1ecbch chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec v\u00e0 5 \u03bcL dung d\u1ecbch diammonium hydrogen phosphate-palladium nitrate v\u00e0o l\u00f2 graphite c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Sau khi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a, \u0111o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. V\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 abscissa v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadp tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.3 T\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3900\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/444.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"201\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/444.png 201w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/444-18x7.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><\/div>\n<div><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2u:<\/div>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline single-Z69glH\" data-custom-copy-text=\"X\">X<\/span>\u00a0= H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: miligram m\u1ed7i kilogram (mg \/ kg);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline\" data-custom-copy-text=\"\\(C_{1}\\)\">C1<\/span>\u00a0= N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: nanogram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (ng \/ mL);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline\" data-custom-copy-text=\"\\(C_{2}\\)\">S\u1ed1 C2<\/span>= N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: nanogram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (ng \/ mL);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline single-Z69glH\" data-custom-copy-text=\"V\">V<\/span>\u00a0= Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu sau kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: milil\u00edt (mL);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline single-Z69glH\" data-custom-copy-text=\"m\">m<\/span>\u00a0Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: gram (g);<\/li>\n<li>1000 = H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Method Overview After the sample is digested by microwave, it is injected into the graphite furnace of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. After electrothermal atomization, the sample absorbs the resonance line at 283.3 nm. Within a certain concentration range, the absorbance value is proportional to the lead content, and quantification is performed by comparison with [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-food-and-drugs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3899"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3899\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3899"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3899"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3899"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}