{"id":3897,"date":"2025-09-04T10:39:31","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:39:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3897"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:50:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:50:30","slug":"atomic-absorption-instrument-training","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/atomic-absorption-instrument-training","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/strong>: C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa 15-30 \u00b0 C; N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 70%, n\u00ean trang b\u1ecb m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (\u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed \u1ea9m) ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y kh\u1eed \u1ea9m. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. X\u00f4 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ea3i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0103n m\u00f2n d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00f2 graphite s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, l\u00f2 graphite v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ri\u00eang v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00f2 graphite n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00ed<\/strong>Kh\u00ed tinh khi\u1ebft cao ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho acetylene v\u00e0 argon. Acetylene kh\u00f4ng tinh khi\u1ebft s\u1ebd can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, trong khi argon b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ed1ng graphite v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a m\u1eabu. Oxit nit\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. C\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef acetylene: kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa xi lanh kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda m\u1edf ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 10 m\u00e9t; xi lanh acetylene kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed oxy h\u00f3a; van gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n; c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t xi lanh b\u00ean trong; v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi thay th\u1ebf xi lanh kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea7u, tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch kh\u00ed-ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n d\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u1ea7u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00f2 graphite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00f2 graphite \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u1ed7i s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf 20 \u00b0 C \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 tr\u00ean c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u1ea1ch anh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd; l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng ch\u00fang trong n\u1eeda gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e8n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (d\u00f2ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch). \u0110\u00e8n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i; x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u1ea1ch anh, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng b\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee1 ng\u00e2m r\u01b0\u1ee3u. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, d\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao \u00e2m, v.v. \u0110\u00e8n \u0111a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 990 v\u00e0 A3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean n\u00ean mua ch\u00fang t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nebulizer<\/strong>: M\u00e1y phun \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. h\u1ea1t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn cao; khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc-sau v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu m\u00e1u m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1y phun k\u00ednh. Sau khi \u0111o, l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch m\u00e1y phun b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00fat v\u00e0 phun n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 10 \u00b0 C; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 bong b\u00f3ng trong m\u1eabu, nh\u1ea5n v\u1edbi ng\u00f3n tay ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng \u1ed1ng ti\u00eam.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng Graphite<\/strong>: Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng graphite b\u1eb1ng tay; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tweezers \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u00f3. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng graphite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho 990 v\u00e0 A3 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p; c\u00e1c m\u1eabu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao c\u1ea7n l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n graphite n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ebft tinh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ed1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1ng graphite \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kim l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00fang trong khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng graphite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Burner<\/strong>L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch); N\u1ebfu tinh th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 n\u00f3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1edfi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sau khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/strong>R\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1eaft; l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1, v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u1ed1ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e8n, c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng tr\u00ean khay m\u1eabu v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00f2 graphite, ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kim m\u1eabu; th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra \u00e1p su\u1ea5t xi lanh, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t, m\u00e1y phun, n\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ee5i trong nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. X\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong>N\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3ng van nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda. \u0110\u00f3ng van xi lanh ch\u00ednh; sau khi ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra, b\u1eadt xi lanh kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>N\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb c\u1eaft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00f2 graphite, l\u00f2 graphite s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00f3i quen ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u00f2 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 acetylene<\/strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u00f9i r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 acetylene ho\u1eb7c nghe th\u1ea5y b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd backfire<\/strong>L\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3y ra khi hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, khi\u1ebfn ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y b\u00ean trong bu\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a. Ph\u00f2ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb m\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 van ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda m\u1edf trong khi ph\u1ea3n h\u1ecfa, t\u1eaft n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i van ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">4. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><strong>COM Port Ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh&#8217; c\u1ed5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng s; Khi thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1edbi, s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng<\/strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e8n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i xa b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u1ed1ng graphite kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf), ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y phun t\u1eed ch\u1eb7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec9nh cho th\u1ea5y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0 (d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7).<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i khi n\u00fat l\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n<\/strong>: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc n\u1ed5i con d\u1ea5u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i, l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u1eaft ch\u00e1y kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u00e1y d\u00f2 ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i m\u00e1y d\u00f2, c\u00e1p quang h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y d\u00f2 r\u01a1i ho\u1eb7c \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed sai, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e8n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y<\/strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho kh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y d\u00f2 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e8n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, can thi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng (c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1t b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 \/ n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch l\u0169y trong khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda k\u00e9m<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra, x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng tay ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng graphite gi\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea5p<\/strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00f2 graphite, n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed1ng graphite, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u00e9m<\/strong>: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 gi\u00e0, khe r\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eabu qu\u00e1 cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">5. Q &amp; amp t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c; M\u1ed9t<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><strong>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n hydrua<\/strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ee9c v\u1edbi l\u00f2 graphite. L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i qua trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 th\u1ea1ch anh. Tr\u00e1nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1eabu n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf sau khi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1eabu n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cesium<\/strong>Cesium kh\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c; tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Yangtze Auto v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cesium cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Natri<\/strong>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft cao, s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p quang ph\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n (\u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp theo). N\u00f3i chung, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda Atomizer<\/strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00e1o r\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gradient<\/strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 phun c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y phun (\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp theo).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u00e8n s\u1eaft d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i<\/strong>\u0110\u00e8n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng, b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ec9nh cao, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao \u00e2m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao \u00e2m khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e8n arsenic<\/strong>Arsen l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ef1c ng\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ef1c d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao \u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Atomic Absorption Instrument Training 2. Daily Maintenance and Care Working Environment Requirements: Atomic absorption instruments are precision equipment, so the working environment must be dust-proof and moisture-proof. The temperature should be stable between 15-30\u00b0C; if the humidity exceeds 70%, an air conditioner (for dehumidification) or a dehumidifier should be equipped. Good ventilation is required [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-news"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3897\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3897"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}