{"id":3783,"date":"2025-07-28T14:23:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T06:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3783"},"modified":"2025-07-28T14:23:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T06:23:55","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-aluminum-alloys-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-aluminum-alloys-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec trong h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m – Ph\u1ed5 \u0111o h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n
ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u01b0\u1edbt: H\u00f2a tan m\u1eabu v\u1edbi axit hydrochloric, axit nitric v\u00e0 hydro peroxide. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 283,3 nm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda trung l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed-acetylene.<\/div>\n
\n

2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/h2>\n

2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h4>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nNh\u00e3n quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0110\u00e8n cathode r\u1ed7ng ch\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nAcetylen<\/td>\n1 xi lanh<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nM\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h4>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nPh\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nT\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\nNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c: nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng ~ 300 \u2103<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nC\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau tinh khi\u1ebft<\/td>\n1 b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nMicropipette<\/td>\n1 m\u1ed7i<\/td>\n20 \u03bcL ~ 200 \u03bcL; 100 \u03bcL \u0111\u1ebfn 1000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\nNh\u00e3n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\n100 mL<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/td>\n\u1ed1ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/td>\n25 mL<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h3>\n

2.2.1 Thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/h4>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
S\u1ed1 Serial<\/th>\nT\u00ean<\/th>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\nNh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nAxit clorhydric<\/td>\nThu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nAxit nitric<\/td>\nL\u1edbp MOS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n

3.1 X\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n

3.1.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h4>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 0,25 g m\u1eabu v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ly, th\u00eam 15 ml axit h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p (HCl: HNO) \u2083: H\u2082 O = 6:1:7), n\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u00f2a tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 ml, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t. Kh\u00f4ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch tr\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 283,3 nm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed-acetylene.<\/div>\n

3.1.2 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec: \u0110\u00f3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,4 v\u00e0 0,8 mL dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 phi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1000,0 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi axit clorhydric (1 99) v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1t. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1t dung d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 0,0, 1,0, 2,0, 4,0 v\u00e0 8,0 \u03bcg \/ mL.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    3.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham chi\u1ebfu cho ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/th>\nCh\u1ee7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      B\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (nm)<\/td>\n283.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng quang ph\u1ed5 (nm)<\/td>\n0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 (mA)<\/td>\n6.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Chi\u1ec1u cao nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u (mm)<\/td>\n6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u (mL \/ ph\u00fat)<\/td>\n1500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00c1p su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y n\u00e9n kh\u00ed (MPa)<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ec1n<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
      1. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1eabu theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u1eadp tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        3.3 T\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \"\"<\/div>\n
        \n
        \n
        \n
        \u1ede \u0111\u00e2u:<\/div>\n
        X — H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng miligram m\u1ed7i kilogram (mg \/ kg);<\/div>\n
        \u03c1 — N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra, b\u1eb1ng microgram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (\u03bcg \/ mL);<\/div>\n
        \u03c1\u2080 — N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch tr\u1ed1ng, b\u1eb1ng microgram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (\u03bcg \/ mL);<\/div>\n
        f — Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 pha lo\u00e3ng c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1eabu;<\/div>\n
        V — T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng milil\u00edt (mL);<\/div>\n
        m — Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng gram (g).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        1. Method Overview Wet digestion: Dissolve the sample with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Determine lead at a wavelength of 283.3 nm using an air-acetylene neutral flame. 2. Instruments and Reagents 2.1 Instruments and Equipment 2.1.1 Testing Instruments Serial No. Name Quantity Technical Requirements Accessories 1 Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer 1 set Lead […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-petrochemical-and-chemical","category-applications"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3783"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}