{"id":3894,"date":"2025-09-04T10:32:52","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:32:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3894"},"modified":"2025-09-04T10:32:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T02:32:52","slug":"determination-of-cadmium-in-surface-water-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/applications\/determination-of-cadmium-in-surface-water-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"Y\u00fczey Suyunda Kadmyumun Belirlenmesi (Grafit F\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Atom Emme Spektrometrisi)"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Y\u00f6ntem Genel Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n
Uygun tedavilerden sonra numune bir grafit t\u00fcp atomizat\u00f6r\u00fcne enjekte edilir. Numunede bulunan kadmium iyonlar\u0131 buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve grafit t\u00fcb\u00fcnde y\u00fcksek atomizasyon s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda atomik buhara ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Belirlenecek eleman\u0131n temel durum atomlar\u0131, kadmium bo\u015f katot lambas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan rezonans hatt\u0131n\u0131 emir. Belirli bir aral\u0131kta, emim yo\u011funlu\u011fu konsantrasyona orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\n

2. Aletler ve Reagentler<\/h2>\n

2.1 Aletler ve Ekipmanlar<\/h3>\n

2.1.1 Test Aletleri<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seri numaras\u0131.<\/th>\n\u0130sim<\/th>\nMiktar<\/th>\nTeknik Gereksinimler<\/th>\nAksesuarlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGrafit F\u0131r\u0131n Atom Emme Spektrometresi<\/td>\n1 set<\/td>\n–<\/td>\nKadmyum Bo\u015f Katod Lambas\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nSo\u011futma dola\u015f\u0131m su sistemi<\/td>\n1 set<\/td>\nSu pompas\u0131n\u0131n nominal ak\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131: 3.5 L \/ dakika<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nArgon Gaz\u0131<\/td>\n1 silindir<\/td>\nSafl\u0131k \u2265% 99,99<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.1.2 \u00d6rnek \u00d6n Tedavi Ekipmanlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seri numaras\u0131.<\/th>\n\u0130sim<\/th>\nMiktar<\/th>\nTeknik Gereksinimler<\/th>\nAksesuarlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nS\u0131cakl\u0131k Kontrollu S\u0131cak Plaka<\/td>\n1 set<\/td>\nOda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ~ 300 \u2103<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nKolorimetrik T\u00fcp<\/td>\nBirka\u00e7<\/td>\nHacim: 10 ml<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\nMikropipet<\/td>\nHer biri 1<\/td>\nAral\u0131klar\u0131: 20 \u03bcL ~ 200 \u03bcL, 1000 \u03bcL ~ 5000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/td>\nhacimli \u015fi\u015fe<\/td>\nBirka\u00e7<\/td>\nHacimler: 100 mL, 1000 mL<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Reagentler<\/h3>\n

2.2.1 Ham Reagentler<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seri numaras\u0131.<\/th>\n\u0130sim<\/th>\nTeknik Gereksinimler<\/th>\nNotlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nNitrik Asit<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.2 Haz\u0131rlanan Reagentler<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seri numaras\u0131.<\/th>\n\u0130sim<\/th>\nHaz\u0131rlama Y\u00f6ntemi<\/th>\nNotlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nNitrik Asit \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc (1 99)<\/td>\n10 mL nitrik asit \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarda su i\u00e7eren 1000 mL hacimli bir kolba ekleyin ve i\u015faretlenmi\u015f hacime su ile seyredin.<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

2.3 Referans Standartlar\u0131<\/h3>\n

2.3.1 Stok \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h4>\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
Seri numaras\u0131.<\/th>\n- Hay\u0131r. - Hay\u0131r.<\/th>\n\u0130sim<\/th>\nTeknik Gereksinimler<\/th>\nNotlar<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
1<\/td>\nGSB G 62040-90'\u0131<\/td>\nKadmyum Standart \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/td>\nKonsantrasyon: 1000 mg \/ L<\/td>\nMerkez Demir ve \u00c7elik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

3. Operasyon Prosed\u00fcr\u00fc<\/h2>\n

3.1 \u00d6rnek Haz\u0131rlama<\/h3>\n

3.1.1 Test \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
Temiz su \u00f6rnekleri do\u011frudan belirlenebilir. Y\u00fcksek s\u00fcspansiyon kat\u0131 maddelere sahip su \u00f6rnekleri i\u00e7in, analizden \u00f6nce organik maddelerin asitle\u015fmesi ve sindirimi gereklidir.<\/div>\n

3.1.2 Standart \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerin Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    Kadmiyum Standart Ara \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 (50 \u03bcg\/mL): Kadmiyum standart stok \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (1000 \u03bcg\/mL) 5,0 mL'sini 100 mL hacimli bir kolba do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde pipet edin, (1 99) nitrik asit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f hacime seyreltin ve iyi sallay\u0131n.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    Kadmiyum Standart Ara \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 (1,0 \u03bcg\/mL): Kadmiyum Standart Ara \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn (50 \u03bcg\/mL) 2,0 mL'sini 100 mL hacimli bir kolba do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde pipet edin, (1 99) nitrik asit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f hacime seyreltin ve iyi sallay\u0131n.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    Kadmiyum Standart \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 (100 ng\/mL): Kadmiyum standart \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 10,0 mL'sini (1,0 \u03bcg\/mL) 100 mL hacimli bir kolba do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde pipet edin, (1 99) nitrik asit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f hacime seyreltin ve iyi sallay\u0131n.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    Kadmiyum Standart Serisinin Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131: Kadmiyum standart \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 0,0 mL, 0,50 mL, 1,00 mL, 3,00 mL, 5,00 mL ve 7,00 mL'sini s\u0131ras\u0131yla ayr\u0131 100 mL hacimli \u015fi\u015felere pipet edin. (99) nitrik asit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ile i\u015faretlenmi\u015f hacime seyreltin ve iyi sallay\u0131n. Bu, 0.00 ng\/mL, 0.5 ng\/mL, 1.00 ng\/mL, 3.00 ng\/mL, 5.00 ng\/mL ve 7.00 ng\/mL kadmiyum konsantrasyonlar\u0131na sahip standart bir seri ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    3.2 \u00d6rnek Testi<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Test Ko\u015fullar\u0131 Atomik emim spektrofotometri i\u00e7in referans test ko\u015fullar\u0131: | Parametre | \u00d6zellikler | | — | — | | Dalga boyu (nm) | 228.8 | | Spektral Bant Geni\u015fli\u011fi (nm) | 0.4 | | Element Lamba Ak\u0131m\u0131 (mA) | 2.0 | | Arka plan d\u00fczeltme y\u00f6ntemi | Deuterium Lamba Arka plan d\u00fczeltme | | Enjeksiyon hacmi (\u03bcL) | 15 |<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n


      <\/p>\n

      Grafit F\u0131r\u0131n Is\u0131tma Program\u0131<\/strong><\/div>\n


      <\/p>\n

      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Ad\u0131m<\/th>\nS\u0131cakl\u0131k (\u2103)<\/th>\nIs\u0131tma S\u00fcresi (S)<\/th>\nTutma S\u00fcresi (S)<\/th>\n\u0130\u00e7 Gaz Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      1<\/td>\n110<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      2<\/td>\n350<\/td>\n10<\/td>\n10<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      3<\/td>\n1700<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nKapal\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      4<\/td>\n1900<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n


      <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u00d6rnek Testi Reagent bo\u015flu\u011funu, standart seriyi ve \u00f6rnek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ard\u0131c\u0131l olarak pipetleyin, grafit t\u00fcb\u00fcne enjekte edin ve emicilerini belirleyin. S\u0131f\u0131r standart \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn emilimini her standart \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn emiliminden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Konsantrasyonu absisa olarak ve ilgili emici ordinat olarak bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma e\u011frisi \u00e7izin. Test \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen emilmesine dayanarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma e\u011frisinden kadmium k\u00fctle konsantrasyonunu bulun.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        3.3 Sonu\u00e7 Hesaplamas\u0131<\/h3>\n
        Su \u00f6rne\u011findeki kadmium konsantrasyonu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl\u00fc kullanarak hesaplan\u0131r:<\/div>\n
        \"\"<\/div>\n


        <\/p>\n

        Nerede:<\/div>\n
          \n
        • \u03c1(Cd)<\/span> = Su \u00f6rne\u011findeki kadmiyum k\u00fctle konsantrasyonu, birim: litre ba\u015f\u0131na mikrogram (\u03bcg\/L);<\/li>\n
        • \u03c11<\/span>\u00a0= Kalibrasyon e\u011frisinden elde edilen \u00f6rnekteki kadmium konsantrasyonu, birim: litre ba\u015f\u0131na mikrogram (\u03bcg\/L);<\/li>\n
        • V1'in<\/span>\u00a0= Belirleme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6rne\u011fin hacmi, birim: mililitre (mL);<\/li>\n
        • V'nin<\/span>\u00a0= Al\u0131nan su \u00f6rne\u011finin hacmi, birim: mililitre (mL).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          1. Method Overview After appropriate treatment, the sample is injected into a graphite tube atomizer. The cadmium ions contained in the sample are evaporated and dissociated into atomic vapor at high atomization temperature in the graphite tube. The ground-state atoms of the element to be determined absorb the resonance line emitted by the cadmium hollow […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-environment"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3894"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3894\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}