{"id":3993,"date":"2025-10-10T16:45:18","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:45:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3993"},"modified":"2025-10-10T16:45:18","modified_gmt":"2025-10-10T08:45:18","slug":"determination-of-chromium-in-refined-sulfur-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/applications\/determination-of-chromium-in-refined-sulfur-graphite-furnace-atomic-absorption-spectrometry-2","title":{"rendered":"Determina\u00e7\u00e3o do Chromium em Sulfur Refined (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. Vista geral do m\u00e9todo<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Ap\u00f3s a amostra ser digerida, sua absorb\u00eancia \u00e9 medida a um comprimento de onda de 357,9 nm atrav\u00e9s da atomiza\u00e7\u00e3o do forno de grafito. dentro de uma certa gama de concentra\u00e7\u00f5es, a absorp\u00e7\u00e3o do cromo \u00e9 proporcional ao seu conte\u00fado. A determina\u00e7\u00e3o quantitativa \u00e9 conduzida comparando com uma s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o.<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. Instrumentos e Reagentes<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1 Instrumentos e equipamento<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.1 Instrumentos de ensaio<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Espetrofotometro de Absor\u00e7\u00e3o At\u00f4mica do Furno de Graf\u00edto<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>Lampa de Chromium Hollow Cathode<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Sistema de \u00e1gua circulante<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Argon Gas<\/td>\n<td>1 cilindro<\/td>\n<td>Pureza \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.2 Equipamento de pr\u00e9-tratamento de amostras<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Porcelana Crucible<\/td>\n<td>V\u00e1rios<\/td>\n<td>Volume: 100 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Furno el\u00e9trico<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Micropipeta<\/td>\n<td>1 cada<\/td>\n<td>Rangos: 100 \u03bcL ~ 1000 \u03bcL, 1000 \u03bcL ~ 5000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n<td>Conselhos: 1 ml, 5 ml<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Reagentes<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.1 Reagentes mentais<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Observa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1cido n\u00edtrico<\/td>\n<td>MOS Grade<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.2 Reagentes preparados<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>M\u00e9todo de Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>\n<th>Observa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico (1 99)<\/td>\n<td>Medir 1 ml de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico, adicion\u00e1-lo a 99 ml de \u00e1gua e mistura bem.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3 Normas de refer\u00eancia<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3.1 Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>N\u00e3o.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Observa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>GSB 04-1740-2004<\/td>\n<td>Mostra Nacional de Norma Liquida &#8211; Chr\u00f3mio<\/td>\n<td>Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o: 1000 \u03bcg\/ml<\/td>\n<td>Fornecido pelo Centro Nacional de An\u00e1lise e Teste de Metais N\u00e3o Ferrosos e Materiales Eletr\u00f4nicos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. Procedimentos operacionais<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.1 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de Testes<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Pese 5 g da amostra (preciso a 0,1 g) e coloque-a em um cruc\u00edvel de porcelana de 100 ml. Calor o crucible em um forno el\u00e9trico at\u00e9 a amostra queima. Mova o cruc\u00edvel para um cap\u00edtulo de fumo e espera at\u00e9 que o enxofre seja completamente queimado. Ent\u00e3o, aquecer no forno el\u00e9trico por mais 5 minutos. remover o crucible e deix\u00e1-lo frio. Engadir 5 ml de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico e 15 ml de \u00e1gua, ent\u00e3o aquecer at\u00e9 o res\u00edduo ser completamente dissolvido. Ap\u00f3s refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o, transfere a solu\u00e7\u00e3o para um tubo colorim\u00e9trico de 25 ml, dilui para o volume marcado com \u00e1gua e misture bem.<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.2 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de solu\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o<\/h4>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da Solu\u00e7\u00e3o Intermediada Standard de Cr\u00f4mio<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<p>Precisamente pipetar 100 \u03bcL da solu\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o nacional de cromo em um flask volum\u00e9trico de 100 ml. Dilute ao volume marcado com (1 99) solu\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico para obter uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria padr\u00e3o de cromo com uma concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de 1 \u03bcg\/ml.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o de cr\u00f4mio<\/p>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<p>Pipeta 0,0, 0,25, 0,5, 1,0 e 2,0 ml da solu\u00e7\u00e3o intermedi\u00e1ria padr\u00e3o de cromo (1 \u03bcg\/ml) em flasks volum\u00e9tricos separados de 100 ml, respectivamente. Adiciona (1 99) solu\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico ao volume marcado para obter uma s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o de cromo com concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de 0,0, 2,5, 5,0, 10,0 e 20,0 ng\/ml.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.2 Ensaios de amostras<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">(1) Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de ensaio<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia para o espectrofotom\u00e9tro de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica do forno de grafito<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Par\u00e2metro<\/th>\n<th>Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Elemento<\/td>\n<td>Chr\u00f3mio (Cr)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Longitude de onda (nm)<\/td>\n<td>357.9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Largura de banda espectral (nm)<\/td>\n<td>0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Elemento Lampa Corrente (mA)<\/td>\n<td>2.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Coeficiente de Filtro<\/td>\n<td>0.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hora de Integra\u00e7\u00e3o (s)<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><strong>Programa de aquecimento de Furno de Graf\u00edto<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-cYf_5N\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-Gyf4hQ mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Elemento<\/th>\n<th>Temperatura de secagem ([UNK])<\/th>\n<th>Tempo de secagem (s)<\/th>\n<th>Temperatura de cinzas ([UNK])<\/th>\n<th>Hora de cintura (s)<\/th>\n<th>Temperatura de Atomiza\u00e7\u00e3o ([UNK])<\/th>\n<th>Tempo de Atomiza\u00e7\u00e3o (s)<\/th>\n<th>Temperatura de limpeza ([UNK])<\/th>\n<th>Hora de limpeza (s)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Cr<\/td>\n<td>110<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>600<\/td>\n<td>20<\/td>\n<td>2300<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>2400<\/td>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-iWP5WJ auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">(2) Teste de amostras<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Abre o cilindro de arg\u00e3o e ajuste a medida de press\u00e3o de arg\u00e3o para 0,5 MPa. Estabelece o instrumento para seu estado de trabalho \u00f3ptimo, e medir a absorp\u00e7\u00e3o do reagente em branco, s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o e solu\u00e7\u00e3o amostral a um comprimento de onda de 357,9 nm.<\/div>\n<div class=\"container-Uxvbjy md-box-line-break wrapper-GYqxgQ undefined\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-pP9ZLC paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Retrai a absorb\u00e2ncia da solu\u00e7\u00e3o zero-padr\u00e3o da absorb\u00e7\u00e3o de cada solu\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o. Plote uma curva de trabalho com a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de massa de cromo (\u03bcg\/L) como abscissa e a absorb\u00eancia correspondente como ordenada. Baseado na absorb\u00eancia medida da solu\u00e7\u00e3o de ensaio e na solu\u00e7\u00e3o de ensaio em branco, encontrar a massa de cromo da curva de trabalho.<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Method Overview After the sample is digested, its absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 357.9 nm via graphite furnace atomization. Within a certain concentration range, the absorbance of chromium is proportional to its content. Quantitative determination is conducted by comparing with a standard series. 2. Instruments and Reagents 2.1 Instruments and Equipment 2.1.1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-petrochemical-and-chemical","category-applications"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3993","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3993"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3993\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3993"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3993"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3993"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}