{"id":3912,"date":"2025-09-09T11:13:25","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T03:13:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3912"},"modified":"2025-09-09T11:13:25","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T03:13:25","slug":"determination-of-chromium-in-wheel-hub-surface-paint-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/applications\/determination-of-chromium-in-wheel-hub-surface-paint-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"Determina\u00e7\u00e3o do cr\u00f4mio na pintura da superf\u00edcie do centro de rodas (espectrometria de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica de chama)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. Vista geral do m\u00e9todo<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">O centro da roda \u00e9 limpo com \u00e1gua purificada, secada, e seu casaco de superf\u00edcie, pintura de revestimento, e o primer s\u00e3o arrancados com um rascador. A digest\u00e3o de microondas \u00e9 adotada, e a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de cromo \u00e9 determinada pela espectrometria de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at \u00f4mica de chama a um comprimento de onda de 357,9 nm.<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. Instrumentos e Reagentes<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1 Instrumentos e equipamento<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.1 Instrumentos de ensaio<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Sistema de Digesti\u00e3o de Microondas<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>Equipados com resist\u00eancia ao platino e medi\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura infravermelha; - precis\u00e3o do controle da temperatura: \u00b10,1<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Plata quente controlada pela temperatura<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Balan\u00e7o electr\u00f3nico<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>Sensibilidade: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.2 Equipamento de pr\u00e9-tratamento de amostras<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Plata quente controlada pela temperatura<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>Flask Volum\u00e9trico; Tubo Colorim\u00e9trico<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Reagentes<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.1 Reagentes mentais<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">\\65288Nenhum reagente bruto espec\u00edfico enumerado no documento original, excepto para reagentes preparados abaixo de a;<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.2 Reagentes preparados<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>M\u00e9todo de Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico (1 99)<\/td>\n<td>Medir 10 ml de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico, adicionar lentamente a 990 ml de \u00e1gua deionizada, e misturar bem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de cloreto de am\u00f4nio (40 g\/l)<\/td>\n<td>Pese 4 g de cloreto de am\u00f4nio, dissolva-o em \u00e1gua deionizada e mistura bem.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3 Normas de refer\u00eancia<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3.1 Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Observa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Material Nacional de Refer\u00eancia Liquido &#8211; Chr\u00f3mio<\/td>\n<td>GSB 04-1723-2004 (a); Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o: 1000 \u03bcg\/ml<\/td>\n<td>Fornecido pelo Centro Nacional de An\u00e1lise e Teste de Metais N\u00e3o Ferrosos e Materiales Eletr\u00f4nicos<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. Procedimento de Opera\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.1 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de Testes<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Pr\u00e9-tratamento de amostra: Limpa o centro da roda de autom\u00f3vel com \u00e1gua purificada, seca-a, e arranque o casaco de superf\u00edcie, pintura de revestimento e prime com um rascador. Pesar 0,2 g da amostra (em um equil\u00edbrio eletr\u00f4nico) num tanque de digest\u00e3o de politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE), adicionar 7 ml de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico e 2 ml de per\u00f3xido de hidrog\u00eanio, cobrir o tanque de digest\u00e3o e coloc\u00e1-lo no sistema de digest\u00e3o de microondas para digest\u00e3o. Ap\u00f3s digest\u00e3o, refrigere o tanque, tira-o e coloque-o em uma placa quente controlada por temperatura para conduzir \u00e1cido a 160\u00b0, at \u00e9 que o volume da solu\u00e7\u00e3o seja reduzido para aproximadamente 1 ml. Transferir a solu\u00e7\u00e3o para um tubo colorim\u00e9trico de 25 ml com \u00e1gua deionizada, diluir para o volume marcado com \u00e1gua deionizada, agitar bem e colocar de lado para testes.<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Programa de aquecimento de microondas<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Passo<\/th>\n<th>Temperatura ([UNK])<\/th>\n<th>Tempo de seguran\u00e7a (min)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>130<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>150<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>170<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Nota: Se h\u00e1 uma pequena quantidade de mat\u00e9ria insol\u00favel floculante na amostra digerida, filtre-a atrav\u00e9s de uma membrana de filtro de 0,45 \u03bcm antes de testar o instrumento.<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.2 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de solu\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o<\/h4>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o de cr\u00f4mio:<br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/>Precisamente pipeta 0,0 mL, 0,1 mL, 0,2 mL e 0,3 mL de solu\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e1ndar de cromo (1000 \u03bcg\/mL) em flasks volum\u00e9tricos de 100 mL, respectivamente. Adicionar 5 ml de 40 g\/L de solu\u00e7\u00e3o de cloreto de am\u00f4nio a cada frasco, diluir para o volume marcado com solu\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico (1 99), e obter solu\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o de s\u00e9rie de cromo com concentra\u00e7\u00f5es de 0,0 \u03bcg\/ml, 1,0 \u03bcg\/ml, 2,0 \u03bcg\/ml e 3,0 \u03bcg\/ml.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.2 Ensaios de amostras<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de Teste<br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/>Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia para detec\u00e7\u00e3o de espectrofotom\u00e9tro de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica de chamas<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Longitude de onda (nm)<\/th>\n<th>Largura do corte<\/th>\n<th>Corrente de l\u00e2mpada (mA)<\/th>\n<th>Taxa de fluxo de g\u00e1s<\/th>\n<th>Correi\u00e7\u00e3o de fundo<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>357.9<\/td>\n<td>0.22<\/td>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>2500<\/td>\n<td>Nenhum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(Par\u00e2metro Suplementar)<\/td>\n<td>4.0<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/><\/p>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\" start=\"2\">\n<li>Teste de amostra<br class=\"container-utlnW2 wrapper-d0Cc1k undefined\" \/>Axuste o instrumento ao estado de trabalho \u00f3ptimo, acende a chama, ajuste a taxa de fluxo de g\u00e1s de combust\u00edvel, teste a solu\u00e7\u00e3o em branco, solu\u00e7\u00f5es normais de s\u00e9rie, e solu\u00e7\u00f5es amostrais em sequ\u00eancia, leia os dados, introduz o peso da amostra e verifica e registra os resultados.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Method Overview The wheel hub is cleaned with purified water, dried, and its surface topcoat, coating paint, and primer are scraped off with a scraper. Microwave digestion is adopted, and the concentration of chromium is determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry at a wavelength of 357.9 nm. 2. Instruments and Reagents 2.1 Instruments and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,77],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-bio-tech-and-life-sciences"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3912"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3912\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}