{"id":3783,"date":"2025-07-28T14:23:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T06:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3783"},"modified":"2025-07-28T14:23:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T06:23:55","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-aluminum-alloys-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-aluminum-alloys-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"Determina\u00e7\u00e3o do chumbo em liga de alum\u00ednio &#8211; Espectrometria de Absor\u00e7\u00e3o At\u00f4mica de Flame"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. Vista geral do m\u00e9todo<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">digest\u00e3o h\u00famida: dissolve a amostra com \u00e1cido clor\u00eddico, \u00e1cido n\u00edtrico e per\u00f3xido de hidrog\u00eanio. Determinar chumbo a um comprimento de onda de 283,3 nm usando uma chama neutra de ar-acetileno.<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. Instrumentos e Reagentes<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1 Instrumentos e equipamento<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.1 Instrumentos de ensaio<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Espetrofotometro de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica de chama<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>Lampa de cat\u00f3dio vazio de chumbo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Acetileno<\/td>\n<td>1 cilindro<\/td>\n<td>Pureza \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Compressor de ar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.2 Equipamento de pr\u00e9-tratamento<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Quantidade<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Acess\u00f3rios<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Plata el\u00e9trica quente controlada por temperatura<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>Temperatura estimada: temperatura ambiente ~ 300[UNK]<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Balan\u00e7o eletr\u00f4nico<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td>Sensibilidade: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Sistema de \u00e1gua ultrapassada<\/td>\n<td>1 conjunto<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Micropipeta<\/td>\n<td>1 cada<\/td>\n<td>20 \u03bcL ~ 200 \u03bcL; 100 \u03bcL ~ 1000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Flaco volum\u00e9trico<\/td>\n<td>V\u00e1rios<\/td>\n<td>100 ml<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Tubo de ensaio<\/td>\n<td>V\u00e1rios<\/td>\n<td>25 ml<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Reagentes<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.1 Reagentes<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Serie No.<\/th>\n<th>Nome<\/th>\n<th>Requisitos T\u00e9cnicos<\/th>\n<th>Observa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1cido clor\u00eddico<\/td>\n<td>Reagente garantido<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u00c1cido n\u00edtrico<\/td>\n<td>Grado MOS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. Procedimentos operacionais<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1 Processo de amostras<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.1 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da Solu\u00e7\u00e3o de Testes<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">M\u00e9todo experimental: Pesar 0,25 g da amostra em um beco, adicionar 15 ml de \u00e1cido misto (HCl: HNO) \u2083: H\u2082 O = 6:1:7), calor at\u00e9 completamente dissolvido, e frio. Transferir para um flask volum\u00e9trico de 100 ml, diluir para a marca e misturar bem. 0 com a solu\u00e7\u00e3o em branco, e determinar a um comprimento de onda de 283,3 nm usando uma chama de ar-acetileno.<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.1.2 Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de solu\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o<\/h4>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da s\u00e9rie padr\u00e3o de chumbo: Pipeta precisamente 0,0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,4 e 0,8 ml de solu\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o de chumbo (1000,0 \u03bcg\/ml) em flasks volum\u00e9tricos de 100 ml respectivamente, dilu\u00edda para a marca com \u00e1cido clor\u00eddico (1 99) e mistura bem. As concentra\u00e7\u00f5es desta s\u00e9rie de solu\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o 0,0, 1,0, 2,0, 4,0 e 8,0 \u03bcg\/ml.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.2 Ensaios de amostras<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li>Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de ensaio Condi\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia para detec\u00e7\u00e3o de espectrofotom\u00e9tro de absor\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica de chama<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<table style=\"height: 190px;\" width=\"511\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Elemento<\/th>\n<th>Chumbo<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Longitude de onda (nm)<\/td>\n<td>283.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Largura de banda espectral (nm)<\/td>\n<td>0.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Corrente de l\u00e2mpada de elementos (mA)<\/td>\n<td>6.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Altura do combust\u00edvel (mm)<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Taxa de fluxo de combust\u00edvel (ml\/min)<\/td>\n<td>1500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Press\u00e3o do compressor de ar (MPa)<\/td>\n<td>0.22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u00e9todo de corre\u00e7\u00e3o de fundo<\/td>\n<td>Nenhum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\" start=\"2\">\n<li>Teste de amostra Ajusta o instrumento ao estado de trabalho \u00f3ptimo, acende a chama, ajuste a taxa de fluxo de combust\u00edvel, teste as solu\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o e solu\u00e7\u00f5es amostrais em sequ\u00eancia, leia os dados, introduz o peso da amostra e verifica e registre os resultados.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3.3 Calcula\u00e7\u00e3o dos resultados<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3784\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_17536837467552-300x134.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"103\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_17536837467552-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_17536837467552-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u622a\u56fe_17536837467552.png 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br table-container-GhL7Lo\">\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Onde:<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">X &#8212; - conte\u00fado de chumbo na amostra, em miligramos por kilograma (mg\/kg);<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">\u03c1 &#8212; - Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de massa de chumbo na solu\u00e7\u00e3o amostral a testar, em microgramas por mililitro (\u03bcg\/ml);<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">\u03c1\u2080 &#8212; - Concentra\u00e7\u00e3o em massa de chumbo na solu\u00e7\u00e3o em branco, em microgramas por mililitro (\u03bcg\/ml);<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">f &#8212; O fator de dilui\u00e7\u00e3o da solu\u00e7\u00e3o de digest\u00e3o da amostra;<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">V &#8212; O volume total da solu\u00e7\u00e3o de digest\u00e3o da amostra, em mililitros (ml);<\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">m &#8212; Massa da amostra, em gramas (g).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Method Overview Wet digestion: Dissolve the sample with hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. Determine lead at a wavelength of 283.3 nm using an air-acetylene neutral flame. 2. Instruments and Reagents 2.1 Instruments and Equipment 2.1.1 Testing Instruments Serial No. Name Quantity Technical Requirements Accessories 1 Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer 1 set Lead [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-petrochemical-and-chemical","category-applications"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}