{"id":3905,"date":"2025-09-04T11:10:27","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T03:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/?p=3905"},"modified":"2025-09-04T11:10:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T03:10:27","slug":"determination-of-lead-in-food-additive-sodium-pyrophosphate-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/applications\/determination-of-lead-in-food-additive-sodium-pyrophosphate-flame-atomic-absorption-spectrometry","title":{"rendered":"Bestimmung des Bleis im Nahrungsmittelzusatzstoff Natriumpyrophosphat (Flammenatomatorenbeopfungsspektrometrie)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">1. Methodenblick<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Nach der Behandlung der Probe bilden Bleiyonen unter einem bestimmten pH-Zustand einen Komplex mit Natriumdiethyldithiocarbamat (DDTC). Der Komplex wird extrahiert, mit 4-Methyl-2-pentanon (MIBK) getrennt und anschlie\u00dfend in ein Atomabsorptionsspektrometer eingef\u00fchrt. Nach der Flammenst\u00e4ubung wird die Absorbenz bei einer Wellenl\u00e4nge von 283,3 nm gemessen. Innerhalb eines bestimmten Konzentrationsbereichs ist der Absorptionswert von Blei proportional zu seinem Gehalt, und die Quantifizierung erfolgt durch Vergleich zu einer Standardreihe.<\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2. Instrumente und Reagentien<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1 Instrumente und Ausr\u00fcstung<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.1 Pr\u00fcfinstrumente<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seriennummer.<\/th>\n<th>Name<\/th>\n<th>Menge<\/th>\n<th>Technische Anforderungen<\/th>\n<th>Zubeh\u00f6r<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Flammenabsorptionsspektrophotometer<\/td>\n<td>1 Satz<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<td>Blei Hohlkathodenlampe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Luftkompressor<\/td>\n<td>1 Satz<\/td>\n<td>Nennleistungsdruck: 0,3 MPa<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Acetylengas<\/td>\n<td>1 Zylinder<\/td>\n<td>Reinheit \u2265 99,99%<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.1.2 Probenvorbehandlungsausr\u00fcstung<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seriennummer.<\/th>\n<th>Name<\/th>\n<th>Menge<\/th>\n<th>Technische Anforderungen<\/th>\n<th>Zubeh\u00f6r<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Elektronische Balance<\/td>\n<td>1 Satz<\/td>\n<td>Empfindlichkeit: 0,1 mg<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Becher<\/td>\n<td>Mehrere<\/td>\n<td>Volumen: 150 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Verstellbare Hei\u00dfplatte<\/td>\n<td>1 Satz<\/td>\n<td>Temperaturbereich: Raumtemperatur ~ 300 \u2103<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Trenntrachter<\/td>\n<td>Mehrere<\/td>\n<td>Volumen: 250 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Mikropipette<\/td>\n<td>1 jedes<\/td>\n<td>Bereiche: 100 \u03bcL ~ 1000 \u03bcL, 1000 \u03bcL ~ 5000 \u03bcL<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Colorimetrisches Rohr<\/td>\n<td>Mehrere<\/td>\n<td>Volumen: 10 ml<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2 Reagenzien<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.1 Rohreagenzien<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"false\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seriennummer.<\/th>\n<th>Name<\/th>\n<th>Technische Anforderungen<\/th>\n<th>Anmerkungen<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>4-Methyl-2-pentanon (MIBK)<\/td>\n<td>Analytisches Reagenz (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniak Wasser<\/td>\n<td>Analytisches Reagenz (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniumsulfat<\/td>\n<td>Garantiertes Reagenz (GR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniumcitrat<\/td>\n<td>Analytisches Reagenz (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Natriumdiethyldithiocarbamat (DDTC)<\/td>\n<td>Garantiertes Reagenz (GR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Bromothymolblau<\/td>\n<td>Analytisches Reagenz (AR)<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>Stickstoffs\u00e4ure<\/td>\n<td>MOS-Klasse<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.2.2 Vorbereitete Reagenzien<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seriennummer.<\/th>\n<th>Name<\/th>\n<th>Herstellungsmethode<\/th>\n<th>Anmerkungen<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniakwasserl\u00f6sung (1 1)<\/td>\n<td>50 ml Ammoniakwasser messen, zu 50 ml Wasser hinzuf\u00fcgen und gut mischen.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniumsulfatl\u00f6sung (300 g\/L)<\/td>\n<td>30 g Ammoniumsulfat wiegen, in Wasser l\u00f6sen und mit Wasser auf 100 ml verd\u00fcnnen.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>Ammoniumcitratl\u00f6sung (250 g\/L)<\/td>\n<td>Wiegen Sie 25 g Ammoniumcitrat, l\u00f6sen Sie es in Wasser und verd\u00fcnnen Sie es auf 100 ml mit Wasser.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Natriumdiethyldithiocarbamat (DDTC) L\u00f6sung (50 g\/L)<\/td>\n<td>5 g Natriumdiethyldithiocarbamat wiegen, in Wasser l\u00f6sen und mit Wasser auf 100 ml verd\u00fcnnen.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>Bromothymolblaue Indikatorl\u00f6sung (1 g\/L)<\/td>\n<td>0,1 g Bromothymolblau wiegen, in Wasser l\u00f6sen und auf 100 ml mit Wasser verd\u00fcnnen, dann gut mischen.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>Stickstoffs\u00e4urel\u00f6sung (5 95)<\/td>\n<td>50 ml Salpeters\u00e4ure messen, 950 ml Wasser hinzuf\u00fcgen und gut mischen.<\/td>\n<td>&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3 Referenzstandards<\/h3>\n<h4 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">2.3.1 Lagerl\u00f6sung<\/h4>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br mdbox-table-root table-container-GhL7Lo\" data-scroll-inline-overflow=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-at-start=\"true\" data-scroll-inline-start-overflow=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-at-end=\"false\" data-scroll-inline-end-overflow=\"true\">\n<div class=\"table-scroll-container-hgHkfW mdbox-table-scroll-container\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Seriennummer.<\/th>\n<th>- Nein. - Nein.<\/th>\n<th>Name<\/th>\n<th>Technische Anforderungen<\/th>\n<th>Anmerkungen<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>GSB G 62071-90<\/td>\n<td>Blei-Standardl\u00f6sung<\/td>\n<td>Konzentration: 1000 \u03bcg\/ml<\/td>\n<td>Zentrales Eisen- und Stahlforschungsinstitut, Nationales Testzentrum f\u00fcr Eisen- und Stahlmaterialien<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">3. Ergebnisberechnung<\/h2>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Der Bleigehalt wird als Massenfraktion ausgedr\u00fcckt\u00a0<span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline single-Z69glH\" data-custom-copy-text=\"W\">W<\/span>\u00a0Blei (Pb), in Einheiten mg\/kg, berechnet nach folgender Formel:<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3906\" src=\"http:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/666.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"153\" height=\"75\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/666.png 153w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/666-150x75.png 150w, https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/666-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 153px) 100vw, 153px\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Wo:<\/div>\n<ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline\" data-custom-copy-text=\"\\(m_1\\)\">m1<\/span>= Bleimasse in der aus der Arbeitskurve erhaltenen Testl\u00f6sung, Einheit: Milligramm (mg);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline\" data-custom-copy-text=\"\\(m_0\\)\">m0<\/span>\u00a0= Bleimasse in der aus der Arbeitskurve erhaltenen Rohtestl\u00f6sung, Einheit: Milligramm (mg);<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"container-rkuXQi math-inline single-Z69glH\" data-custom-copy-text=\"m\">M<\/span>\u00a0= Masse der Probe, Einheit: Gramm (g).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Als Endbestimmungsergebnis wird der arithmetische Mittelwert der parallelen Bestimmungsergebnisse angenommen. Die absolute Differenz zwischen den beiden parallelen Bestimmungsergebnissen darf 1 mg\/kg nicht \u00fcberschreiten.<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Method Overview After the sample is treated, lead ions form a complex with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) under a certain pH condition. The complex is extracted and separated with 4-methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK), then introduced into an atomic absorption spectrometer. After flame atomization, the absorbance is measured at a wavelength of 283.3 nm. Within a certain concentration [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3905","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-applications","category-food-and-drugs"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3905","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3905"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3905\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3905"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3905"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pgeneral.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3905"}],"curies":[{"name":"WP","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}